I have made some slight progress in Fitzgerald's translation of Virgil's
Aeneid, and have quickly come to admire the story's hero, Aeneas, shown below recounting the fall of Troy to Queen Dido. He is, I believe, a man for our times, so I shall bring forth his virtues here.

Shortly before I began the
Aeneid, I had a telling exchange with a friend on the importance of fate within a discussion of the anime
Revolutionary Girl Utena, which I found to be just another exposition of modern man's revulsion of destiny, inane obsession with choosing one's own future, and concomitant belief that all choices are equal, with no one more worthy or evil than any other. My friend reminded me that this conflict isn't exactly new in the human experience, and has always been a major theme in literature. True, but the state of the great debate has hardly remained constant. Whereas the active acceptance of a pre-determined fate is the very glue of traditional societies, both popular and elite opinion in the contemporary West find fate an oppressive concept, and believe all of its reflections in civil society are backward and even

barbaric. I only need cite the example of arranged marriages. Formerly as common a practice in the West as it remains in some less developed corners of the globe (the picture is from a Bangladeshi arranged marriage), the practice is completely defunct and alien in our anti-society. While, of course, consent to the familial decision was always necessary for a valid marriage in Catholic Europe, the prevalence of arranged marriages reflected the understanding that a healthy society is made up of healthy families, and recognized that everyone, not just the spouses in question, have a stake in the viability and success of each and every marriage. When arranged marriages fell out of favor and only the romantic interests of the individuals were recognized as important in marriages, some of the seeds of the contemporary destruction of the family were sown.
Anyway, in light of this catastrophic shift, it makes perfect sense that Queen Dido, Aeneas's sometime lover, is better known theseadays than Aeneas himself. I at least had heard much more about the Carthaginian queen than the survivor of Troy before I picked up Virgil's epic. And Dido, typically, was always treated with unmixed sympathy. Perhaps it is no coincidence that
Dido's Wikipedia article is quite a bit heftier than
Aeneas's. Yet, in my reading, I find Aeneas not only a more admirable figure, a man of rare selflessness, but also much more interesting.
Aeneas has a destiny willed by the Jupiter and Venus: to refound the greatness of Troy in the plains of Latium. After a storm willed by Juno, he lands in Carthage and gets sidetracked and falls for Queen Dido. He even contemplates settling in Africa permanently and ruling Carthage jointly. After this state of things persists for a year, Jupiter sends Mercury to tell him he'd been
Oblivious of your own world, your own kingdom!Lest his divinely ordained fate fails to move him, Mercury reminds Aeneas that his son's inheritance is also at stake:
... If future history's glories
Do not affect you, if you will not strive
For your own honor, think of Ascanius,
Think of the expectations of your heir,
Iulus, to whom the Italian realm, the land
Of Rome, are due.Aeneas's decision to pursue his destiny or not has eternal consequences, which move him despite his powerful love. Given the epithet "duty-bound", he struggles to overcome his personal desires so that he might what must be done. Aeneas,
... though he sighed his heart out, shaken still
With love of her, yet took the course heaven gave him
And went back to the fleet.He is not faultless. Rather than informing Dido of his decision to leave, he attempts to depart in secret, and when interrogated by her mendaciously tells her,
...Do not think
I meant to be deceitful and slip away.which were his plans exactly. But, as there was no getting around it, he explained with strident beauty:
But now it is the rich Italian land
Apollo tells me I must make for: Italy,
Named by his oracles. There is my love,
There is my country.
...
...So please, no more
Of these appeals that set us both afire.
I sail for Italy not of my own free will.What unheard-of resolution! This, my friends, is the definition of heroism. In the courses of our lives there are some things we must do, with no regard to personal consequences. Aeneas, like Abram, is called by God to establish a new nation. A calling of this sort transcends even the realm of right and wrong; to repeat a belief of the vampire Louis from
Interview with the Vampire, all moral decisions are really aesthetic decisions. Whatever Aeneas might have felt was in his best interests, he understands that the gods, in their greater wisdom, desire a better future than he can possibly envision by himself, and so is undaunted by the continued pangs of his heart.
Dido is a much simpler character. Even though she does not doubt Mercury's message, she still tries to thwart the gods' plans. Her attitude is summed up in this passage:
Oh, I am swept away burning by furies!
Now the prophet Apollo, now his oracles,
Now the gods' interpreter, if you please,
Sent down by Jove himself, brings through the air
His formidable commands! What fit employment
For heaven's highest powers! What anxieties
To plague serene immortals!The gods, she opines, are wasting their time, are concerned with a private affair of mortals which is none of their business. They are a bother. Ah, how modern. Completely bereft of self-control, Dido throws fit after fit trying to stop Aeneas, and commits

suicide on his departure. Not upon impulse, but through an elaborate plan. Such was her disregard for the goods that remained to her (and her duties as Queen of Carthage) that she threw her life away after full consideration. Like many moderns, Dido displays resolution only in overreacting to not getting her way. It makes me, indeed, feel bad for the pop musician Dido Armstrong whom I like so much; Dido is her given name, not a stage name.
Let our virtue, rather, be that of Aeneas, who,
Buffeted by a gale of pleas
This way and that way, dinned all the day long,
Felt their moving power in his great heart,
And yet his will stood fast; tears fell in vain.And may we pray with him:
Holy one, whatever god you are,
We go with you, we act on your command
Most happily! Be near, graciously help us,
Make the stars in heaven propitious ones!*************
Atobe is far too busy to post now, because the Japanese House of Councillors (Upper House) election is tomorrow. Though my friend has frequently expressed his preference for the American practice of having Election Day on Tuesdays to holding profane votes on Sundays, he's devoting all his energies to campaigning for the Sunrise Party of Japan, his rightist party of choice. Given
late-breaking polling, he assures me the prospects for the conservative Liberal Democratic Party and its allies are happy rather than sad. One can only hope.